GeoSAT_01 is a student-built CanSat (a satellite in the size of a soda can) developed for the CanSat in Greece 2019 competition. The competition is designed to simulate a complete small-scale satellite mission—from design and testing to launch, telemetry, and data analysis. During the mission, GeoSAT_01 is intended to be released at an altitude of approximately 1 km and descend under a parachute, ensuring a controlled and safe landing. The primary mission focuses on collecting essential environmental and flight data throughout descent, including air temperature, atmospheric pressure, acceleration, and geographical coordinates. These measurements are stored onboard and simultaneously transmitted in real time to a ground station via telemetry (at least once per second), enabling continuous monitoring of the CanSat’s status and trajectory. The secondary mission connects space technology with environmental applications. During descent, the system captures paired aerial images in the visible and near-infrared spectrum and uses the NDVI index to assess vegetation health in the target area. This approach can help identify regions with healthier and more active vegetation through a fast cycle of data collection and processing.